Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar, marks the beginning of the Islamic New Year. As we approach Muharram 2024, which signifies the start of Islamic New Year 1446, here’s everything you need to know about its dates, history, and significance.
Muharram 2024 Dates
Muharram is expected to begin in early July 2024, but the exact date depends on the moon sighting. Each Islamic month lasts for either 29 or 30 days, and the new month begins when the crescent moon is sighted.
Dates in Saudi Arabia and India
- Saudi Arabia and the Middle East: If the crescent moon is sighted on the evening of July 5, Muharram will start on July 6. If not, Muharram will begin on July 7.
- India: Dhul Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic calendar, started on June 8. Therefore, if the moon is sighted on July 6, Muharram will start on July 7. If not, Muharram will commence on July 8.
History and Significance of Muharram
Muharram holds deep historical and religious significance for Muslims worldwide. It is a time of mourning and reflection, particularly for Shia Muslims, due to the tragic events that occurred during this month.
Key Historical Events
- Battle of Karbala: The martyrdom of Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, took place during this month. The battle is commemorated by Shia Muslims as a period of intense mourning.
- Prophet Moses and the Red Sea: According to Islamic tradition, it was during Muharram that God parted the Red Sea, allowing Prophet Moses and his followers to escape from Pharaoh’s army.
Observances and Traditions
Muharram is not a celebratory time but one of solemn remembrance. The observances vary between Shia and Sunni Muslims:
Shia Muslims
- Mourning: Shia Muslims mourn the martyrdom of Hussain and his family. The mourning period lasts for ten days, climaxing on the 10th of Muharram, known as Ashura.
- Self-Flagellation: Some Shia Muslims engage in self-flagellation to emulate the suffering of Imam Hussain.
Sunni Muslims
- Prayers and Fasting: Sunni Muslims remember the sacrifice of Imam Hussain through prayers and fasting. They also commemorate the victory of Prophet Musa (Moses) over Pharaoh on Ashura.
- Avoidance of Celebrations: No celebratory events are organized, and the exchange of New Year greetings is rare.
Conclusion
Muharram 2024 marks the beginning of the Islamic New Year 1446 and holds profound significance for Muslims around the world. It is a time of reflection, prayer, and remembrance of historical events that shaped Islamic history. Whether through fasting, prayers, or mourning rituals, Muharram is observed with deep reverence and solemnity.
